Module 4 of 8 45 min · 4 units
Midstream & Downstream Operations
Nigeria produces roughly 1.2 to 1.5 million barrels of crude oil per day, yet for decades the country has imported the majority of its refined petroleum products. This module examines the midstream and downstream segments of the Nigerian oil and gas value chain - from pipeline transportation and export terminals to refining, product distribution, and the pricing mechanisms that affect every Nigerian consumer.
5,000+
km Pipeline Network
5
Export Terminals
4
NNPC Refineries
650,000
bpd Dangote Refinery
Learning objectives
After completing this module, you'll be able to:
- Describe Nigeria's crude oil transportation infrastructure, including major pipelines, export terminals, and the challenges they face.
- Explain why Nigeria's four state-owned refineries have chronically underperformed and how the Dangote Refinery is reshaping the downstream landscape.
- Outline the petroleum product distribution chain from depot to retail pump.
- Analyse the history of fuel subsidies in Nigeria, the 2023 subsidy removal, and the ongoing deregulation debate.
Units
1
Oil Transportation & Pipelines
12 min
2
Refining in Nigeria
12 min
3
Petroleum Product Distribution
12 min
4
Knowledge Check
8 min
Sources & Further Reading
- •NNPC, "Downstream Operations Overview"
- •PPPRA/NMDPRA, "Petroleum Products Pricing and Regulatory Framework"
- •Dangote Industries, "Dangote Petroleum Refinery - Project Overview"
- •Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA). nmdpra.gov.ng